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May 27, 2018

Genesis 18-19: Abraham and Sodom


Pastor Scott Jonas
5/26/18
Abraham and Sodom
Genesis 18-19
            Last week, God gave Abraham visions in order to help him hold on to the promise.  God promises to make Abraham the Father of a great nation.  Abraham sees animals cut in half and fire walks between the animals.  This is a solemn covenant from the creator that he will keep his end of the contract.  God will make Abraham and sarah, who are now barren, the creators of a family as big as the stars in the sky.  Then God tells Abraham to seal the deal through circumcision.  Every male, from Abraham’s clan is to mark themselves as belonging to the Lord.  Today, we mark ourselves through baptism.  We are children of the promise.
            Today’s story continues in Genesis 18 and 19.  It begins in an ordinary way.  Abraham is in his tent in the heat of the day.  Three visitors appear in the entrance.  Abraham followed the nomadic custom of hospitality.  If any stranger, graced your door then you were morally obligated to provide them with food, water and rest.  Traveling was so dangerous that it needed to be rewarded with kindness.  You literally treated foreigners like kin, kindness.
            So upon seeing three unknown travelers, Abraham jumps up and greets them.  He bows and humbly offers drink, water to wash their feet, bread and a place to sit.  Abraham runs to Sara and tells her to quickly make cakes.  He runs and orders a calf to be killed and prepared.  Like any weary sojourners they accepted and ate.  Nothing sensational.   Just another day.
            But then, one of the visitors inquires about his wife Sara.  That’s weird he didn’t mention his wife’s name.  Then the leader of the three says, “I will return to you in a year and sara your wife will have a son.  Getting weirder.  Sara is listening behind the tent.  Sarah hears the proclamation that she is going to have a baby and blurts out a laugh.  The leader yells at Sara so she can hear, “Why did Sarah laugh? Is anything too hard for the Lord?”  Sarah says hidden from view, “I did not laugh.”
            Then the three visitors start walking away from the camp and towards the great city of Sodom.  The leader said, “Because the outcry against Sodom is great and their sin is very grave I will go down to see whether they have done altogether according to their outcry.”  Abraham gathers up his courage.  He now knows these are not three men.  He gets near the leader and says something amazing, “will you sweep away the righteous with the wicked?”
            When you read Genesis there are shocking revelations.  But you have to understand how people lived and thought about gods at the time.  Abraham may be an ancient one from our point of view but his God is revolutionary compared to the gods of his day.  The ancient gods would best be described as barbaric, uncaring, demanding and chaotic.  The gods of Egypt, mesopatamia and the surrounding regions were celestial monsters.  These aren’t event he greek gods yet.  The greek and roman gods are downright civilized compared to baal and asheroth.  Life was barbaric, uncaring, demanding and chaotic so the people created gods in that image.  People died daily at the hands of invaders, disease, crime and even a cold.  Death was everywhere.  So the religions reflected these monstrous conditions. 
            Abraham’s God visits him at his home.  He doesn’t live in the sun or the moon or the trees.  He walks into your tent and has a conversation with you.  No foreign God does that.  The Lord chooses Abraham for blessing.  There is no curse.  In fact the curse is threatened to the Lord himself if he fails to bless.  Many gods provide fertility but they don’t care about individuals.  They certainly don’t care about righteousness.  The gods are not about right or wrong.  They are about raw power.  Obey me and maybe you live.  Abraham’s God is revolutionary.  He is personal, loving, generous and purposeful.
            Abraham himself is pretty revolutionary himself.  It was a custom to care about the traveler because you would one day need that kind of help.  But he goes way beyond that when he asks the question, “will you sweep away the righteous with the wicked?”
            Abraham is feeling beyond his family, beyond his kinship, beyond his clan, beyond his alliances.  Abraham is caring about the fate of people he doesn’t know.  His nephew lives in the region of Sodom but Abraham does not plead for Lot and his family.  He bargains with the Lord to save the whole region.  Abraham is concerned that righteous people will die because they are surrounded by the wicked.  Abraham approaches God and pleads for the lives of strangers.
            Have you done that?  Do you care what happens to those who aren’t your family?  Who aren’t your clan?  We all have clans.  Your clan might be Glendale Lutheran or the LCMS or Kirkwood or Mizzou or conservatives or your place of work or fans of your favorite work of art.  We all have clans.  But do you care about the fate of strangers?  People who aren’t like you and can’t help you.  Do you want to save them?  Do you go to the Lord and plead for them.  When you see someone on the news who is the opposite of you do you condemn them or do you ask God to save them.
            Abraham for all of his faults, cares more about righteousness than clan identity.  He talks like we should pray with fervor and tenacity.  Even though the Lord is making him the father of a great nation, he asks for more.  If you find ten righteous among the citizens of Sodom then please don’t destroy them.  The Lord agrees with Abraham’s logic and earnestness.  The foreign gods would never have done that.  Baal and the others don’t care about separating good from bad.  They kill them all.  But the Lord of Abraham does care.
            The Lord saves Lots family, even though they are bent on destroying themselves.  Messengers tell Lot and his family to get out of Sodom.  They refuse.  When they do get out, the wickedness of Sodom is still with them.  Lot’s wife returns to that wickedness and pays the price.  His daughters return to that wickedness as well.
            To show us how vile Sodom is, Genesis contrasts the hospitality of Abraham with that predator practices of Sodom.  Strangers are not welcomed and cared for.  They are preyed upon as victims of sexual assault.  The vulnerable are not given food and shelter.  Instead they are used for the perverse appetites of the mob.  The city is out of control.  It has become a culture of rape, incest, and murder.  It is like a city of Cains.  God will not put up with that kind of horror.
            This week I listened to an interview with an archeologist who discovered the city of Sodom.  For a century, the industry believed that it was at the southern end of the dead sea. 

May 20, 2018

Genesis 15-17: Abraham and the Covenant


Pastor Scott Jonas
Genesis 15-17
Abraham and the Covenant

Open your bible and cell phones to Genesis chapter 15.  Last week, we studied the story of Abraham and Lot separating, the Mesopatamian kings capturing Lot and his family.  Abraham took 318 men and defeated the Mesopotamians and brought back his kin.  On the way home, a mysterious King and priest of the God most high named Melchizedek, a Christ figure, blessed Abraham and in return, Abraham gave him a tenth of all he owned.
            Today we are going to talk about abraham and circumcision.  That’s right circumsicion.  As God says in Genesis 15 verse 1 ,”Fear Not.”
One of the things I love about the Bible is that it is raw and real.  The Words of God do not hold back.  This is a crucial part of the story of salvation.  We need to be grown ups and study all of scripture.  Even the parts that make us cringe.  Being uncomfortable can lead to spiritual growth.  But we also need to laugh when we read scripture.  Circumcision is weird and hilarious.
Do we have any Jim Gaffigan fans?  The comedian said
“In the bible Abraham circumsized himself, I can’t even get to the bank before it closes.”
Abraham did it.  God told him to do it.  I would have loved to have overheard that conversation. 
“Abraham! 
Oh hey God how are you doing?
I need you to do something for me. 
Oh sure God anything for you.
I need you to circumsize yourself
I think we have a bad connection.
Before God calls Abraham to circumsion there is same more to the story.
Abraham was 75 when he was called by God and given the promise of Fathering a great nation.  Its has been years,  Maybe Abraham is wondering how this promise is going to be fulfilled.
God appears in a vision and says”Fear not Abram I am your Shield; your reward will be very great.”
Abram “You have given me no offspring, My servant will have to be the heir of my household.”
God “You very own son will be heir.  Count the stars.  So shall your offspring be.”  He believed the Lord.
The Lord then gave a visible sign to the promise.
He told Abraham to bring him a cow, a goat, and a ram.  Abram cut them in half.  A deep sleep fell on Abram.  He saw that his offspring will be sojourners for 400 years but they will receive the land promised to you.”  Then a torch and a fire pot passed between the cut animals.
Sara has seen no visions.  She tells Abraham to have relations with her servant.  Abraham is now 85 years old.  He does as she says.  The servant, Hagar, conceives and grows irritated at her boss, Sara.  Sara deals harshly with Hagar, causing Hagar to run away.  The Angel of the Lord, who might be Jesus, finds Hagar and consoles her.  He says return to your mistress and submit to her.  Your child is not the chosen one but he is part of God’s plan.  Hagar returns to Abraham and Sara and Ishmael is born.
When Abraham is 99 years old, the Lord appears and establishes a covenant.
God part-  I will make you a father of a nation.  I will make you fruitful.  Kings will come from you. I will give you the land of canaan.  I will be your God throughout the generations.
Abraham part- You shall be circumsized, every male.  This is the sign of the covenant.  8 days and older.  Keep my covenant.
God’s part- I will give Sara a son.  His name shall be Isaac and he will be the father of 12 princes.  Sara will give birth next year.
Abraham laughed.  It’s amazing that he can laugh after being told to circumsize himself.  I’m not sure I would have heard anything after that.
Those challenges in the Bible really took a leap in difficulty.  Don’t eat this apple.  Build me a boat.  Cut off part of your manhood.
What if I build you two boats?
Abraham circumcised himself, Ishamael and his whole family and household.
Cimcumcision was transformed into Baptism because of Christ.  Col 2:11
Similarities  Both establish the covenant between God and his people.
            God’s part- He makes you a child the promise, a child of God.  He will make you fruitful.  He gives us not just the land of Canaan, but the ends of the earth.  He is our God.
            Our part-  Go and make disciples, baptizing them. The water is a sign of the covenant.  We are to baptize those 8 days and older.  We are to hold onto the promise.
Difference-  Women receive the sign of Baptism. 

May 13, 2018

Genesis 13-14: Abraham and Lot


Pastor Scott Jonas
Genesis 13-14
Abraham and Lot

                Open your Bibles to Genesis 13.  So much has happened in the first 12 chapters of the Bible.  If you jump in here you are going to feel a little lost.  Kind of like seeing Avengers Infinity wars without seeing any of the 18 other Marvel movies.  So let me catch you up.  On Genesis, not the Avengers.
                The focus is now on one man, Abram, and his wife Sara.  As characters, they appear almost out of nowhere.  In Genesis 11 we have a genealogy of the descendants after Noah.  At the end of that list, it says The name of Abram’s wife was Sarai who was barren, she had no child.  Then, the Lord speaks to Abram and says, “Go from your country and your clan and your father’s house to the land I will show you.  And I will make you a great nation, and I will bless you and make your name great, so that you will be a blessing.  So Abram and his nephew Lot took up their families and departed the land of their forefathers.  The Lord appears to Abram again and shows him the land of Canaan and says, “I will give you this land.”  So Abram built an altar there and worshipped the Lord.
                Abraham and the reader are left with a lot of questions:  Why did God choose Abraham and Sara?  Is it because they are good people?  Is it because they are faithful?  Why is God choosing a single man and family at all?  How does this fit into the big plan to save creation?  Lots of questions.  Abram has almost no answers.  We are in a position to answer a few.
                As you are reading the story, the text does not usually give you the insights you seek.  In the Abraham story of Genesis we don’t get a director’s commentary.  You know how when you buy a DVD, sometimes you can watch the film and hear commentary by the director?  We don’t get that for most of Genesis.  Instead we get a story in which it describes God’s interactions with humans.  God talks to Abram and tells him that He is going to be made into a great nation.  No commentary as to Why? Or How?
                But some of our questions can be inferred from the story.  Why did God choose Abram?  It is unclear.  But did God choose Abram because he was already faithful and good?  Doubtful.  Abram is not already a faithful worshipper of the creator.  Instead it is after he encounters the true God that he responds with worship.  After God speaks directly to Abram, then he follows the Lord’s instructions.  This isn’t faith like Noah had.  This is something else.  He isn’t like the disciples who knew the Lord from the scriptures and then followed Jesus when they met him.  This is a man who was probably a pagan, who God picks for his own purposes.
                The more we get into the story the more we realize that Abram is screwed up.  He takes his wife and extended family down to Egypt because there is a famine in the land.  Pharoah meets Abraham as the leader of this clan.  Before they meet Abraham concocts a plan.  He is going to lie to Pharoah and say that Sara is his sister, so that Pharoah does not kill Abraham in order to get to Sara.  Ladies, how are we feeling about  this plan?  It is the act of a coward.  Pharoah takes Sara into his house, because according to Abram she was available.  The Lord struck the house of Pharoah with plagues (foreshadowing.)  Pharoah sends the clan away.  Abram is not a stand up guy.
                Then Abram and Lot, his nephew go up to the Land of Canaan.  They are over looking the land.  One way is the Land of Canaan, the land promised to Abram’s off spring.  Remember Lot may be related to Abram but he is not Abram’s offspring.  The Land of Canaan is promised to Abram not Lot.  The clan of Abram and Lot has grown too large.  They are ranchers with much livestock.  They require a great amount of acreage to feed their sheep, oxen and donkeys.  Abram looks at the land of Canaan and the land next to it called the Jordan valley.  Abram allows Lot to pick between the promised land and the Jordan Valley.  He is offering his inheritance from the Lord to someone else.  Thankfully, Lot chooses the Jordan Valley because it looked greener.  Abraham has now shown himself to be a coward, a bad husband, and frivolous with the Lord’s inheritance.  Obviously God did not choose Abraham because he is faithful and good.   God must have other reasons.
                Despite Abram’s ineptitude, the Lord reaffirms his promise.  God says, “Lift your eyes and look from the place where you are, northward and southward, and eastward and westward, for all the land that you see I will give to you and your offspring forever.  I will make your offspring as the dust of the earth, so that if one could count each piece of dust, that would match the number of your offspring.  Arise and walk the land that I give you.  Abram responds by building an altar.  He is good at building altars.
                Chapter 14.  Mesopotamia controls the region.  Four Kings from the East come to demand their taxes.  Five local kings rebel, refusing Mesopatamia’s authority.  One of the defeated was the King of Sodom.  Another defeated was the king of the city of Gomorrah.  The Mesopotamia Kings came in smacked down the locals, took whatever they wanted and left.  Lot’s clan got swept up in the melee.  The mesopatmians took lot, the son of Abram’s brother who was dwelling near Sodom and his possessions and went East.  One man of Lot’s clan escaped and hurried to Abram and told him the tale.  Abram took up 318 trained men and pursued the military caravan.  At the end of the caravan was Lot and his family.
                Abraham was a coward in Egypt.  Now he is brave.  He showed himself to be a sinner and now he shows the other side.  At night Abram and the 318 free his relatives.  They recover all of their possesions and people. 
                It is easy to make this a hero’s story.  The hero of the Story, Abram, was a frightened mess in the opening chapter.  But through the Lord he found his strength.  He used violence to win the day.  God is proud of him.  With hard work and determination you can be a hero like Abram.  But we do not get that commentary from the Lord.  Instead, we get a weird addendum after the climax of the story.
                When Abram, the 318, and Lot’s clan return they are met by one of the defeated kings, the king of Sodom.  At the Valley of Shaveh(the appropriately named King’s valley), the King of Sodom and another mysterious King meet them.   This other king has not been mentioned in the narrative yet even though there is an extensive list of the defeated kings in the beginning of chapter 14.  This mysterious figure is Melchizedek, the King of Salem.  He name means King of righteousness.  The region of Salem means peace.  And the region of salem would one day become JeruSalem.
                Melchizedek, brings out wine and bread.  He isn’t only a King he is also a Priest.  He is a priest of the God Most high.  If Abram, was the hero of this story, then you can imagine, the King of Salem approaching Abram, getting off his horse, and kneeling before the great warrior.  He doesn’t do that.  Instead, Melchizedek offers a prayer.  He says “Blessed be Abram by God Most high, Possesor of heaven and earth; and blessed be God Most high, who has deleivered your enemies into your hands.”
                Melchizedek is wise as a man of God should be.  He knows that Abram isn’t the hero.  The Lord Most high is the hero.  It is only because God picked Abram that he is blessed.  It is only by the power of God that Lot’s captors were defeated.  It was all God and Abram was lucky to be a part of it.
                Abram is wise enough to agree.  Instead of being offended he affirms Melchizadek’s prayers.  Abram separates a tenth of all of his gold, silver and animals and gives it to the priest.  It is not the first recorded offering, that was cane and Able.  But it is the first recorded Tithe, which means 10%.
                You and I have two temptations, both bad.  One is to make Biblical characters into unattainable heros.  The other is to make ourselves the hero of the story.  Instead, we should read the Bible with God as the hero.  Creation, Flood, Babel, Abraham.  God is the hero. 
                What’s fun is to think that the New Testament is sometimes the directors commentary on the Old TEstmanet.  The book of Hebrews talks about this specific story in chapter 7.
For this Melchizedek, king of Salem, priest of the Most High God, met Abraham returning from the slaughter of the kings and blessed him, 2 and to him Abraham apportioned a tenth part of everything. He is first, by translation of his name, king of righteousness, and then he is also king of Salem, that is, king of peace. 3 He is without father or mother or genealogy, having neither beginning of days nor end of life, but resembling the Son of God he continues a priest forever.

4 See how great this man was to whom Abraham the patriarch gave a tenth of the spoils! 5 And those descendants of Levi who receive the priestly office have a commandment in the law to take tithes from the people, that is, from their brothers,[a] though these also are descended from Abraham. 6 But this man who does not have his descent from them received tithes from Abraham and blessed him who had the promises. 7 It is beyond dispute that the inferior is blessed by the superior. 8 In the one case tithes are received by mortal men, but in the other case, by one of whom it is testified that he lives. 9 One might even say that Levi himself, who receives tithes, paid tithes through Abraham, 10 for he was still in the loins of his ancestor when Melchizedek met him.

Jesus Compared to Melchizedek
11 Now if perfection had been attainable through the Levitical priesthood (for under it the people received the law), what further need would there have been for another priest to arise after the order of Melchizedek, rather than one named after the order of Aaron? 12 For when there is a change in the priesthood, there is necessarily a change in the law as well. 13 For the one of whom these things are spoken belonged to another tribe, from which no one has ever served at the altar. 14 For it is evident that our Lord was descended from Judah, and in connection with that tribe Moses said nothing about priests.

15 This becomes even more evident when another priest arises in the likeness of Melchizedek, 16 who has become a priest, not on the basis of a legal requirement concerning bodily descent, but by the power of an indestructible life. 17 For it is witnessed of him,

“You are a priest forever,
    after the order of Melchizedek.”

18 For on the one hand, a former commandment is set aside because of its weakness and uselessness 19 (for the law made nothing perfect); but on the other hand, a better hope is introduced, through which we draw near to God.

20 And it was not without an oath. For those who formerly became priests were made such without an oath, 21 but this one was made a priest with an oath by the one who said to him:

“The Lord has sworn
    and will not change his mind,
‘You are a priest forever.’”

22 This makes Jesus the guarantor of a better covenant.00